The initial step often involves filtering the water to remove physical particles like dirt, sediment, and some bacteria. After filtration, disinfection is used to kill any remaining microorganisms. If the water is “hard” (high in minerals like calcium and magnesium), a water softening process can be used to replace these minerals and prevent scaling in pipes and appliances.

The frequency of service or replacement depends on the type of water treatment system you have. As a rule of thumb, most systems should be checked at least once a year to ensure they are functioning properly. If you notice any changes in your water quality, it’s a good idea to have your system inspected sooner.

Water treatment and water filtration systems actually serve two different purposes. Water treatment systems, which include water conditioners and water softeners, create a chemical reaction that removes or negates impurities such as calcium and magnesium. By contrast, water filtration systems only filter out solid particles, such as dirt or sediment.

Water softening specifically targets hard minerals in water, namely calcium and magnesium, and replaces them with sodium or potassium ions through a process known as ion exchange. On the other hand, water conditioners don’t remove hard minerals. Instead, they change these minerals so they don’t adhere to surfaces, preventing scale build-up.